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Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

is consumed, insulin selectively breaks food into carbohydrates, glucose, fat, or proteins to aid in furnishing the body what it needs to function optimally.

Individuals with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, also known as Type I or juvenile onset diabetes, have trouble producing enough insulin to regulate blood sugars. The result of too much glucose in the blood stream is termed, "hyperglycemia," and is deadly if left untreated. People with hyperglycemia can go into a diabetic ketoacidosis, which can progress into a coma or death. Symptoms of ketoacidosis are increased thirst, frequent urination, nausea, rapid breathing, abdominal pain, and a sugary-smelling breath. Glucose is also present in the urine and can cause urinary tract infections and vaginitis in women. Individuals may also complain of constant thirst, blurred vision, and abdominal pain.

To compensate for the lack of insulin secreted by the pancreas, people with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus require regular dosages of the hormone, either in injections or pill form, for the rest of their lives. Type I diabetics also must adhere to a strict diet, which restricts the amount of sugar consumed, and monitor glucose levels on a daily basis. A prescribed program of diet, exercise, and medication helps to prolong the quality of life for diabetics. Low-impact and non-weight bearing exercises are kinder to the sensitive nerve endings. Water aerobics and swimming help ease pain in the knees, feet, and hips; and cycling on a stationery bicycle promotes healthy circulation. Individuals on an exercise plan should try to get at least 30 minutes of moderate activity per day to help control glucose levels and maintain a healthy weight.

For people with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, following a low-fat meal plan with good carbohydrates helps blood sugars stabilize. Nutritionists say that carbohydrates are metabolized more slowly than sweets, are more filling, and provide more vitamins and minerals essential to building cells. Whole grains, such as brown rice, bulgar wheat, and oats; beans, sweet potatoes, corn, carrots, and leafy greens are wise choices. Type I diabetics should avoid high-calorie, empty carbohydrates, alcohol, soft drinks, or fruit juices, which can send glucose levels through the roof and cause ketoacidosis. Most physicians will prescribe a diet plan, along with medication and insulin dosages to prevent high or low sugar levels in the blood. Eating fresh, steamed or raw vegetables; fresh citrus fruits; and limited amounts of lean meat, fish and poultry should provide sufficient nutrition and add variety to a diet plan. To avoid fluctuations in glucose levels, individuals may carry a piece of candy or fruit for a quick pick-me-up. "Bless the Lord, O my soul, and forget not all His benefits"..."Who satisfieth thy mouth with good things; so that thy youth is renewed like the eagles" (Psalm 103:2 and 5).

When blood sugar levels spike, Type I and II patients are at a constant threat of ketoacidosis or diabetic coma; and are also susceptible to kidney diseases and high blood pressure. Diabetics may also experience peripheral neuropathy, or nerve pain and a loss of sensation. People with non-insulin or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus must exercise good hygiene and care of the feet and legs. The inability to feel pain, especially in the feet, can cause people to have wounds and sores that are left untreated and develop gangrene. Amputations are sometimes the only recourse to save the feet and limbs of patients with debilitating wounds. Fortunately, in cases where insulin dependent diabetes mellitus causes wounds not to heal normally, there is medical intervention. Hyperbaric wound treatments have proven successful for patients with non-healing wounds. Treatments consist of wound debridement, which surgically removes dead and rotten flesh, alternating with a series of sessions spent in a hyperbaric chamber. Treatments enable the flesh to be miraculously healed and regenerated. Some patients experience full recovery and develop new skin and healthy tissue!

Type I and II diabetes is also a leading cause of end stage renal disease. People who suffer from high blood pressure and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus are highly susceptible to kidney failure. The kidneys are twin organs which flank either side of the spine in the back, just above the waistline. These hardworking organs filter toxins from the blood and process urine. High glucose levels in the blood can attribute to infections in the kidneys, bladder and urinary tract. Doctors can usually detect high levels of glucose by taking urine samples. As the kidneys become infected and diseased, their ability to filter toxins is diminished; and patients may have to go on dialysis to aid in ridding the body of poisons. In dialysis, patients' blood is drained from the body with specialized tubing, cleansed and returned back into the body. The process takes about one hour; however it must be repeated on an average of two to three times per week. Dialysis patients usually have a port inserted into an arm, leg or stomach to facilitate draining blood. Prescribed diets also regulate fluid, salt, and food intake to aid in the process of removing toxins.

In the final analysis, a diagnosis of diabetes is not a death sentence. Individuals who are conscientious about taking care of themselves and following the doctor's orders can avoid kidney failure and dialysis. Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus requires lifelong care. People who suffer from the disorder must develop a lifestyle which promotes healthy eating and exercising, along with stress, anxiety, and weight management. Through adhering to prescribed programs and staying on medication, individuals should be able to live productive lives, manage pain, and avoid adverse consequences of out-of-control blood sugars.

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