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Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Men sometimes need testosterone replacement therapy to help rectify problems with their male sexual organs. The main hormone (testosterone) in the male's sexual reproductive system maintains the normal function of the reproductive organs. The testes produce this chemical. When either too much or too little of the hormone is produced, problems will result. Hypogonadism is insufficient production of the hormone and hypergonadism is production of too much of the hormone. Men with primary hypogonadism (congenital or acquired) or hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are candidates for this treatment. But managing this treatment can be difficult and may result in testosterone therapy side effects that are not desired.

This hormone produces normal growth and development of male sex organs and maintenance of secondary sex characteristics in the body. When insufficient hormones are produced, the child may develop small genitalia and have a lack of virilization. Also present after puberty may be diminished libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, and a reduction in body hair and facial hair. Some men also develop high levels of anger, confusion, depression, and fatigue. A physician may decide to use testosterone replacement therapy to counteract these problems. The first thing that happens with this treatment is that the patient undergoes hormonal screening to measure the total serum level. This is done in the morning. When the level is low or the patient complains of low libido, serum prolactin level is also measured. This may mean that the pituitary gland is not functioning properly. If so, then the patient should visit an endocrinologist.

A doctor will also take a medical history, especially regarding any developmental abnormalities at birth and any difficulties encountered during puberty. The doctor will also ask questions about sexual function, beard growth, the strength of muscles, and energy level. He will inquire about the occurrence of nocturnal erections, how rigid the penis becomes during erection, and what types of sexual thoughts, desires, and fantasies the patient has. Some men who need testosterone replacement therapy also experience hip fractures and decreased bone density. The best types of treatment will not result in testosterone therapy side effects. The treatment should replicate the body's normal production of the hormone so that bone density can be stabilized, the body can increase in muscle strength, mood and energy increases, and sexual characteristics can be restored.

Testosterone replacement therapy can be taken in several different ways. There are products using tablets, injections, or transdermal systems. Different treatments bring about different types of testosterone therapy side effects. When taking tablets, sometimes liver function changes, causing abnormalities in the liver. In this case, physicians will order more testing with liver scans and biopsies. If injections are administered, they are given into the muscles. Sometimes this treatment results in fluctuations of hormones in the body. One of the transdermal treatments is the use of scrotal patches. They produce high levels of circulating dihydrotestosterone (DHT) due to the high 5-alpha-reductase enzyme activity of scrotal skin. One of the testosterone therapy side effects with this treatment is skin irritation. With any of these medications, ongoing care by a physician is necessary to ensure that hormone levels stay at normal rates.

The doctor who is checking for testosterone therapy side effects will be looking for any changes such as outbreaks of acne, increase in breast size, and breast tenderness. Other symptoms may be sleep apnea and very rarely fluid retention. When a patient receives medication via transdermal delivery, serum levels should be checked in three to twelve hours after receiving the medication. With an injection, tests should be taken each three to four months. Any test that comes out over 500 ng/dL or less than 200 ng/dL will require adjustment of the dose given to the patient. Two other tests should be given: a digital rectal examination (DRE) and prostate specific antigen (PSA). The PSA is a protein produced by the prostrate cells. This blood test measures prostrate health. If the PSA come out high, the patient may have an enlarged prostrate or prostrate cancer. A PSA level of 1.5 or higher may signify an enlarged prostate gland. The doctor may order other tests to make sure that other diseases are not present. A PSA test can be ordered for any man as a prevention tool against other diseases.

Those who want to live healthy lives will listen to the advice in Psalm 19:7, "The law of the Lord is perfect, converting the soul: the testimony of the Lord is sure, making wise the simple." Any type of medical intervention means that the patient needs to be wise about his care and take an intimate part in developing healthcare practices. With proper treatment, a man can experience an overall sense of well-being within three to six weeks. Sexual performance will be heightened as well as energy levels, mood, and concentration. This will result is a better self esteem and greater confidence in whatever is accomplished. If a person does not test with a low level of hormone, testosterone replacement therapy will not benefit his health. So this is not a treatment for those who just want to heighten their libido. These procedures and medications are meant for those who have a definite medical problem. They are not meant to deal with emotional or psychological problems that are not related to physical deficiencies or disease processes. Also note that there may be other long-term risks that haven't yet been shown through studies of the treatments listed because hormone therapies are such new remedies.

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